Friday 24 October 2014

CBSE Class 6-12 - Science - Fathers in Biology

℉α⊥нεяṧ ◎ḟ Ⅴαґḯøü﹩ ℬґαηḉℌ℮ṧ їη ℬїøł☺ℊ¥

Fathers of Various Branches in Biology

Aristotle - Father of Biology
credits: wikipedia
Num.           Branch of Biology Name
1 Father of Biology Aristotle
2 Father of Zoology Aristotle
3 Father of Botany Theophrastus
4 Father of Taxonomy Carl Linnaeus
5 Father of Plant Physiology Stephen Hales
6 Father of Bacteriology Louis Pastuer
7 Father of Microbiology Leeuwenhoek
8 Father of Immunology Edward Jenner
9 Father of Cytology Robert Hooke
10 Father of Mycology Micheli
11 Father of Genetics G J Mendel
12              Father of Experimental Genetics              T. H. Morgan
13 Father of Bryology Johann Hedwig
14 Father of Eugenics Francis Galton
15 Father of Microscopy Marcello Malphigi
16 Father of Bio-diversity E.O. Wilson
17 Father of Medicine Hippocrates
18 Father of modern Anatomy Andreas Vesalius
19 Father of Radiation Genetics H. J. Muller

Wednesday 22 October 2014

CBSE Class 9 Science - Diversity in Living Organisms (Important Differences)

Diversity in Living Organisms

CBSE Class 9 Science - Diversity in Living Organisms (Important Differences)
Evolutionary Tree
credits: wikipedia

Important Differences

Five classes of vertebrates are Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia



    Pisces   Amphibia        Reptilia     Aves    Mammalia
Habitat Aquatic Both land
and water
Some
terrestrial,
others
aquatic
Terrestrial
(aerial)
Usually
terrestrial,
few aquatic.
Skin Covered
with
scales/plates
Smooth
skin with
mucus
glands and
lacking
scales
Waterproof
skin
with scales
Mostly
covered
with
feathers
Covered with
hair and
contains
sweat and oil
glands.
Body
Temperature Control
Cold blooded Cold blooded Cold blooded Warm blooded Warm blooded
No. of heart
chambers
2 3 3 (except crocodiles) 4 4
Respiration Gills Gills, lungs
or skin
Lungs Lungs Lungs
Mode of
Reproduction
Oviparous (egg laying) Oviparous Oviparous Oviparous Viviparous
Locomotion Tail and fins Limbs Limbs Wings Limbs
Examples Rohu, shark,
sea-horse,
sting ray
Frog, Toad
salamander,

Crocodile,
snake,
turtle,
lizard
Pigeon,
ostrich,
hen, duck
Human,
whale, bat,
lion


Monday 20 October 2014

CBSE Class 9 - Science - Gist on Work, Energy and Power

₩øяк €ηεґℊ⑂ @ηⅾ ℙ☺ωℯґ


Study Points

1. Work is said to be done if a force is applied on the object and it is displaced from its original position.

2. Three things are necessary for the performance of work:
  • There must be an applied force F.
  • There must be a displacement x.
  • The force must have a component along the displacement
3. The work done W by a force F on an object is
    W = Fd cos θ
    where d is the displacement of an object.
   
θ is the angle between the force and the displacement.

4
. If displacement is along the direction of work i.e. θ = 0°
    W = Fd


5. If displacement is opposite to the force i.e. θ = 180°
    W = -Fd

6. if the displacement is perpendicular to the force (i.e. θ = 90°), then work done is zero.

7. Work done on an object by a force would be zero if the displacement of the object is zero.

8. Work is a scalar quantity.

9. Unit of work is Joule (J).

10.  1 Joule = 1 newton × 1 metre = 1 Nm
11. One Joule of work is to be done on an object when a force of one newton displaces it by one metre along the time of action of the force.

Saturday 18 October 2014

CBSE Class 9: Science - CH3 - Gist on Atoms, Molecules and Ions

Atoms, Molecules and Ions

CBSE Class 9: Science - CH3 - Gist on Atoms, Molecules and Ions

Study Points


1. The law of conservation of mass states that there is no detectable loss or gain in total mass of the substances in a chemical reaction.

2. Law of Conservation of mass was proposed by the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier (1774)

3. The Law of constant proportion or definite proportions states that all pure specimens of the same compound contain the same elements combined together in the same proportion by weight.

4. Law of definite proportion was proposed by Louis Proust (1799).

5. An atom is the smallest particle of the element which can take part in chemical change and it can exist independently and retain all its chemical properties.

6. The smallest particle of matter made up of two or more atoms, which can exist in free state, is called a molecule.

7. Law of definite proportion does not hold good when the compound is obtained by using different isotopes of the combining elements .

8. Each atom of an element shows all the properties of the element.

Monday 13 October 2014

CBSE Class 9/10 - PSA Quiz (English)

 PSA Quiz



Q1: In the following there are six sentences marked as A, B, P, Q, R, S. Positions of A and B are fixed. You are requested to choose one of the four alternatives which would be the most logical sequence of sentences in the passage.

A) The similarity between the human body and a machine is rather superficial.
B) The points of difference far outweigh the points of resemblance.
P) Beyond that comparison fails.
Q) No machine grows in size; no machine sees , hears  or feels.
R) It can be summed up in the statement  that both require  fuel and oxygen  and obtain energy.
S) No machine thinks.

(a) SQPR
(b) RPQS
(c) RPSQ
(d) QSPR

Directions: (Q2 - Q6): Identify the word whose spelling is correct.

Q2:
(a) Profesional
(b) Proffessional
(c) Proffesional
(d) Professional


Q3:
(a) Schdule
(b) Shidule
(c) Schdulle
(d) Schdule

Q4:
(a) Intelligence
(b) Intilligence
(c) Intalligence
(d) Intelligance

Q5:
(a) asshaimed
(b) ashamid
(c) ashimed
(d) ashamed

Friday 10 October 2014

CBSE Class 9 - Maths - Quadrilaterals (NCERT Ex 8.2)

Quadrilaterals
NCERT Ex 8.2


Q1: ABCD is a quadrilateral in which P, Q, R and S are mid-points of the sides AB, BC, CD and DA (see the given figure). AC is a diagonal. Show that:



(i) SR || AC and SR = AC

(ii)PQ = SR

(iii)PQRS is a parallelogram.


Answer:

(i) In ▲ADC, S and R are the mid-points of sides AD and CD respectively.

In a triangle, the line segment joining the mid-points of any two sides of the triangle is parallel to the third side and is half of it.

∴ SR || AC and SR = AC ... (1)

(ii) In ▲ABC, P and Q are mid-points of sides AB and BC respectively. Therefore, by using mid-point theorem,

PQ || AC and PQ = AC ... (2)

Using equations (1) and (2), we obtain

PQ || SR and PQ = SR ... (3)

⇒ PQ = SR

(iii) From equation (3), we obtained

PQ || SR and PQ = SR

Clearly, one pair of opposite sides of quadrilateral PQRS is parallel and equal.

Hence, PQRS is a parallelogram.


Q2: ABCD is a rhombus and P, Q, R and S are the mid-points of the sides AB, BC, CD and DA respectively. Show that the quadrilateral PQRS is a rectangle.

Answer:



In ▲ABC, P and Q are the mid-points of sides AB and BC respectively.

∴ PQ || AC and PQ = AC (Using mid-point theorem) ... (1)

Saturday 4 October 2014

CBSE Class 9 - Science - CH4 - Gist on Structure of The Atom

Structure of The Atom


Study Points

  1. Democritus, Greek Philosopher in 400 BC named the smallest piece of matter “ATOMOS ,” meaning “not to be cut.”
  2. Dalton's theory (1803) was based on the premise that the atoms of different elements could be distinguished by differences in their weights.
  3. WIth the invention of Scanning Tunneling Microscope we can see atoms.
  4. Electrons, protons and neutrons are the fundamental particles of an atom.
  5. Electrons were discovered by JJ Thomson in discharge tube experiments as cathode rays.
  6. Cathode rays are streams of negatively charged particles.
  7. They are deflected by electric and magnetic fields.
  8. The specific charge of electron was determined by J. J. Thomson
  9. The charge of the electron is 1.602 x 10-19 coulombs.
  10. The absolute mass of electron is 9.108 x 10-28 g or 9.108 x 10-31kg
  11. Protons are positive rays that were discovered by Goldstein in the discharge tube experiments when perforated metal cathode was used.